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版本：9.x

使用 Docker

注意

在构建期间，不可能在 Docker 容器和主机文件系统之间创建引用链接或硬链接。 您可以做的下一个最佳操作是使用 BuildKit 缓存挂载在构建之间共享缓存。 Alternatively, you may use podman because it can mount Btrfs volumes during build time.

最小化 Docker 映像大小和构建时间​

  • Use a small image, e.g. node:XX-slim.
  • 如果可能且有意义，请利用 multi-stage。
  • 利用 BuildKit 缓存挂载功能。

示例 1：在 Docker 容器中构建捆绑包​

Since devDependencies is only necessary for building the bundle, pnpm install --prod will be a separate stage from pnpm install and pnpm run build, allowing the final stage to copy only necessary files from the earlier stages, minimizing the size of the final image.

.dockerignore
node_modules
.git
.gitignore
*.md
dist
Dockerfile
FROM node:20-slim AS base
ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app

FROM base AS prod-deps
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --prod --frozen-lockfile

FROM base AS build
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
RUN pnpm run build

FROM base
COPY --from=prod-deps /app/node_modules /app/node_modules
COPY --from=build /app/dist /app/dist
EXPOSE 8000
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]

示例 2：在单存储库中构建多个 Docker 映像​

假设您有一个包含 3 个软件包的单存储库：app1、app2 和 common，app1 和 app2 依赖于公共，但彼此不依赖。

You want to save only necessary dependencies for each package, pnpm deploy should help you with copying only necessary files and packages.

Structure of the monorepo
./
├── Dockerfile
├── .dockerignore
├── .gitignore
├── packages/
│   ├── app1/
│   │   ├── dist/
│   │   ├── package.json
│   │   ├── src/
│   │   └── tsconfig.json
│   ├── app2/
│   │   ├── dist/
│   │   ├── package.json
│   │   ├── src/
│   │   └── tsconfig.json
│   └── common/
│       ├── dist/
│       ├── package.json
│       ├── src/
│       └── tsconfig.json
├── pnpm-lock.yaml
├── pnpm-workspace.yaml
└── tsconfig.json
pnpm-workspace.yaml
packages:
  - 'packages/*'
.dockerignore
node_modules
.git
.gitignore
*.md
dist
Dockerfile
FROM node:20-slim AS base
ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable

FROM base AS build
COPY . /usr/src/app
WORKDIR /usr/src/app
RUN --mount=type=cache,id=pnpm,target=/pnpm/store pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
RUN pnpm run -r build
RUN pnpm deploy --filter=app1 --prod /prod/app1
RUN pnpm deploy --filter=app2 --prod /prod/app2

FROM base AS app1
COPY --from=build /prod/app1 /prod/app1
WORKDIR /prod/app1
EXPOSE 8000
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]

FROM base AS app2
COPY --from=build /prod/app2 /prod/app2
WORKDIR /prod/app2
EXPOSE 8001
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]

运行以下命令为 app1 和 app2 构建映像：

docker build . --target app1 --tag app1:latest
docker build . --target app2 --tag app2:latest

Example 3: Build on CI/CD​

On CI or CD environments, the BuildKit cache mounts might not be available, because the VM or container is ephemeral and only normal docker cache will work.

So an alternative is to use a typical Dockerfile with layers that are built incrementally, for this scenario, pnpm fetch is the best option, as it only needs the pnpm-lock.yaml file and the layer cache will only be lost when you change the dependencies.

Dockerfile
FROM node:20-slim AS base

ENV PNPM_HOME="/pnpm"
ENV PATH="$PNPM_HOME:$PATH"
RUN corepack enable

FROM base AS prod

COPY pnpm-lock.yaml /app
WORKDIR /app
RUN pnpm fetch --prod

COPY . /app
RUN pnpm run build

FROM base
COPY --from=prod /app/node_modules /app/node_modules
COPY --from=prod /app/dist /app/dist
EXPOSE 8000
CMD [ "pnpm", "start" ]